我们了概述认知功能的性别差异,尤其是情节记忆功能的性别差异。已有的研究结果表明女性在言语生成、情节记忆、面孔识别任务中比男性存在明显的优势,而男性的优势则表现在视空间任务中,如视空间情节记忆任务。本文批判性地讨论了一个流行的假设: 类固醇激素影响认知功能的性别差异,得出的结论是内源性睾丸激素或雌二醇均未显著影响认知功能的性别差异。 We outlined the gender differences in cognitive function, especially the gender differences in episodic memory function. The existing research results show that women have obvious advantages over men in speech generation, episodic memory and face recognition tasks, while men’s strengths are manifested in visual tasks such as episodic memory tasks. This article critically discusses a popular hypothesis that steroid hormones affect gender differences in cognitive function and concluded that neither endogenous testosterone nor estradiol significantly affected gender differences in cognitive function.