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目的：观察长期灌胃大黄总蒽醌对大鼠子宫中 Bcl-2、Bax 蛋白表达的影响及其可逆性。方法8周龄 SD 雌性大鼠40只,随机取10只做为正常对照,其余30只灌胃大黄总蒽醌73mg/kg,连续给药60d。末次给药后24h、停药30d、60d 分别处死10只。取子宫,采用免疫组化 S-P 法检测子宫中 Bcl-2、Bax 蛋白表达水平。结果给药60dBax 表达水平显著高于正常对照(P <0.05),Bcl-2表达显著低于正常对照(P <0.05)。停药30dBax 表达水平低于给药60d、高于正常对照(P <0.05),Bcl-2表达水平高于给药60d、低于正常对照,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。停药60dBax 表达水平明显低于给药60d、停药30d(P0.05)；Bcl-2表达水平明显高于给药60d、停药30d(P<0.05),并且低于正常对照组(P <0.05)。结论长期应用大黄总蒽醌可降低成年雌性大鼠子宫内膜中Bcl-2蛋白表达,提高 Bax 蛋白表达,这种影响是可逆的。“,”Objective To observe the effect and its reversibility of Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression in the u-terus of rats with administrating total Anthraquinone in Rheum.Methods Forty 8-week-old SD female rats were selected,10 rats were randomly taken as normal control,the other 30 with administrating total Anthraquinone in Rheum 73mg/kg for 60d,at the end of 24h after administration,stop drug 30 days and 60 days were sacrificed at 10 rats.Then got the uterus,and detected the expression level of Bcl-2 and Bax by immunohistochemical S-P method.Results The levels of Bax expression in the 60 days of administra-tion were significantly higher than those in normal controls (P <0.05),and the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly lower than that of normal controls (P <0.05).Bax expression level at 30 days after stopping drug was lower than administered 60d,but higher than the NC (P <0.05);Bcl-2 expression level was higher than administered 60d,but lower than the NC (P <0.05).The levels of Bax expression in the 60 days of drug withdrawal were significantly lower than those administered for 60 days (P 0.05);the expression level of Bcl-2 was significantly higher than that of administration for 60 days and differences were statistically sig-nificant with NC (P <0.05).The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 was significantly different between the 30 days and the 60 days of the drug withdrawal (P <0.05).Conclusion The long-term use of Rhubarb An-thraquinone can cause the protein expression of Bcl-2 significantly decreased,Bax protein expression is significantly increased in the adult female rat uterus,its toxicity is reversible.