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目的:探讨皮肤变应原点刺试验及血清总IgE、ECP的检测在儿童哮喘诊断中的临床意义。方法:选用粉尘螨、艾蒿花粉、狗毛、香烟、牛奶5种过敏原,对61例哮喘患儿及66例对照组儿童进行皮肤点刺试验。其中对50例哮喘患儿和56例对照组儿童采用ELISA法进行血清总IgE的检测,采用荧光酶联免疫法进行血清ECP检测。结果:(1)61例哮喘患儿变应原皮肤点刺试验过敏原总阳性例数为40例(66.67%)。(2)哮喘组5种过敏原皮肤点刺阳性率:粉尘螨31.15%、狗毛24.59%、艾蒿花粉39.34%、牛奶21.31%、香烟29.51%。(3)哮喘组血清总IgE高于对照组(P<0.05),但两组的血清ECP值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(4)血清总IgE与血清ECP之间无相关性(r=0.284 6,P>0.05)。结论:皮肤点刺试验痛苦小,简便易行,特别适用于儿童。联合检测血清总IgE和ECP可作为临床诊治哮喘的依据。
Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of skin allergen prick test and serum total IgE, ECP in the diagnosis of childhood asthma. Methods: Five kinds of allergens such as dust mite, mulberry pollen, dog hair, cigarette and milk were chosen to test skin prick test in 61 children with asthma and 66 children in control group. Serum total IgE was detected by ELISA in 50 asthmatic children and 56 control children, and serum ECP was detected by fluorescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: (1) Altogether 40 cases (66.67%) of allergic skin prick test allergens in 61 asthmatic children. (2) The positive rates of skin irritation of the five allergens in asthma group were: dust mite 31.15%, dog hair 24.59%, mulberry pollen 39.34%, milk 21.31% and cigarette 29.51%. (3) The serum total IgE in asthma group was higher than that in control group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). (4) There was no correlation between serum total IgE and serum ECP (r = 0.284 6, P> 0.05). Conclusion: Skin prick test pain is small, simple and easy, especially for children. Combined detection of serum total IgE and ECP can be used as the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of asthma.