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目的 为了解医院感染的临床特点及住院人群医院感染发生情况 ,以指导控制。方法 选择 2 0 0 2年医院感染 6 5 4例 ,按照卫生部医院感染诊断标准 ,按感染部位、多发科室、高危因素、病原菌种类、药物敏感情况进行监测。结果 医院感染部位以呼吸道感染最常见占 6 6 .37% ,其次为胃肠道占 16 .5 1% ;革兰阳性球菌、革兰阴性杆菌是主要致病菌。患者免疫机能低下、侵袭性操作、抗生素的不合理应用等均是医院感染的高危因素。结论 加强医院感染管理 ,严格无菌操作 ,合理使用抗感染药物 ,加大医院感染监测与控制力度 ,是控制医院感染的关键
Objective To understand the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infection and hospitalized patients in hospital infection, to guide the control. Methods In 2005, 654 cases of nosocomial infections were selected. According to the diagnostic criteria of nosocomial infection of the Ministry of Public Health, they were monitored according to the site of infection, multiple departments, the risk factors, the types of pathogens and the drug sensitivity. Results The most common respiratory tract infections in hospital were 66.37%, followed by gastrointestinal tract, accounting for 16.51%. Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli were the main pathogens. Patients with immunocompromised patients, aggressive operations, inappropriate use of antibiotics are all risk factors for nosocomial infections. Conclusion Strengthening hospital infection management, strict aseptic operation, rational use of anti-infectives and increased surveillance and control of nosocomial infections are the key to controlling nosocomial infections