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星载原子钟是现代导航卫星的基础。随着卫星导航定位系统性能的不断提升,要求精度更高、体积更小、质量更轻、功耗更少的星载原子钟。回顾了全球定位系统、伽利略卫星导航系统使用的星载原子钟的发展历程,详细分析了美国全球定位系统Block IIR,Block IIF、欧洲伽利略卫星导航系统上应用的星载原子钟的性能及寿命试验情况。最后,根据对国际先进星载原子钟新技术的追踪及星载原子钟的未来发展方向的研究,探讨了我国下一代星载原子钟的发展方向。
Spaceborne atomic clock is the basis of modern navigation satellite. With the continuous improvement of the performance of satellite navigation and positioning systems, satellite atomic clocks with higher precision, smaller size, lighter weight and less power consumption are required. The development history of GPS and Galileo satellite navigation systems are reviewed. The performance and life test of spaceborne atomic clocks used in GPS Block IIR, Block IIF and Europe Galileo satellite navigation system are analyzed in detail. Finally, according to the tracking of the new advanced technology of satellite atomic clock and the future development of satellite atomic clock, the development direction of the next generation of satellite atomic clock in our country is discussed.