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目的考察糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经节细胞(RGCs)的凋亡及凋亡相关基因的表达,探讨洋葱总黄酮对RGCs的神经保护作用。方法 50只雄性SD大鼠分为对照组,糖尿病模型组(DM组),洋葱总黄酮小剂量组(Ⅰ组)、中剂量组(Ⅱ组)和大剂量组(Ⅲ组),每组10只。Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组分别按50、100、200 mg/kg剂量每日给予洋葱总黄酮灌胃1次。TUNEL法检测RGCs凋亡并计数凋亡数量。LSAB法检测Bcl-2、Bax在RGCs层的表达。结果与对照组相比,DM组大鼠血糖升高,体质量下降(P<0.01),视网膜中的Bcl-2和Bax表达增强,RGCs凋亡细胞数量显著增加(P<0.01);与DM组相比,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组血糖降低(P<0.01),Bcl-2表达增强,Bax表达减弱(P<0.05,P<0.01),RGCs凋亡细胞数量显著减少(P<0.01),Ⅲ组体质量增加(P<0.05)。结论洋葱总黄酮能促进Bcl-2的表达,抑制Bax的表达,减少DM组RGCs的凋亡,对RGCs具有神经保护作用,从而对糖尿病视网膜病变起一定的防治作用。
Objective To investigate the apoptosis and expression of apoptosis related genes in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of diabetic rats and the neuroprotective effect of total flavonoids on the RGCs. Methods Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, diabetic model group (DM group), low dosage of total flavonoids (group Ⅰ), middle dose group (group Ⅱ) and high dose group (group Ⅲ) only. Group Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were given 50,100,200 mg / kg dose of onions per day total flavonoids gavage once. TUNEL method was used to detect RGCs apoptosis and count the number of apoptotic cells. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in RGCs was detected by LSAB method. Results The levels of Bcl-2 and Bax in the retina increased significantly and the number of apoptotic cells in RGCs increased significantly (P <0.01) compared with the control group (P <0.01), the expression of Bcl-2 was increased, the expression of Bax was decreased (P <0.05, P <0.01), and the number of apoptotic cells in RGCs was significantly decreased (P <0.01) The body mass increased (P <0.05). Conclusion Onion flavonoids can promote the expression of Bcl-2, inhibit the expression of Bax and decrease the apoptosis of RGCs in DM group, which has a neuroprotective effect on RGCs and thus play a preventive and therapeutic role in diabetic retinopathy.