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建立复合材料风力机叶片铺层模型,针对叶片结构进行动态特性分析,主要通过模态分析研究了气动载荷对叶片固有频率的影响。借助ANSYS(有限元分析软件)复合材料模块,根据叶片几何和铺层参数实现叶片建模,并通过实验值验证了有限元模型的准确性。基于叶素-动量理论计算获得叶片极限气动载荷,以极限载荷的20%为载荷步,分析了叶片结构特性受载荷影响的变化趋势。结果表明:叶片所受载荷增加会导致叶片各阶固有频率下降,同时其摆振振型对应的固有频率受载荷影响较大;气动载荷会削弱叶片各微元段向平衡位置恢复的能力,导致叶片截面刚度下降,进而引起叶片固有频率降低。
The composite laminar wind turbine blade model was established. The dynamic characteristics of the blade structure were analyzed. The influence of aerodynamic load on the natural frequency of the blade was mainly studied by modal analysis. With ANSYS (finite element analysis software) composite module, the blade modeling is carried out according to the blade geometry and lay-up parameters. The experimental results verify the accuracy of the finite element model. The ultimate aerodynamic load of the blade was calculated based on the valence-momentum theory. Taking the 20% of the ultimate load as the load step, the changing trend of the structural characteristics of the blade affected by the load was analyzed. The results show that the increase of the blade load leads to the decrease of the natural frequency of each blade and the natural frequency of the pendulum vibration mode is greatly affected by the load. The aerodynamic loading will weaken the recovery of the equilibrium position of each micro-element blade, resulting in The blade section stiffness decreases, which in turn causes the natural frequency of the blade to decrease.