熔质流动特性对毛化凸点成形的影响

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具有毛化凸点的金属零部件在工程中有广泛应用,精确控制毛化点形貌对实现精准控制相关零部件性能至关重要。以45钢为研究对象,采用二维轴对称模型仿真,探究脉冲激光作用下熔池内温度场、流体流向和流速的演变规律,据此研究毛化形貌形成的微观机理和动态过程。结果表明:在加热过程中,当表面温度低于临界温度时,切向应力为负,熔质流向熔池中心;当表面温度高于临界温度时,切向应力为正,熔质向边缘流动,最终在2个异向环流交界处形成对流零点;对于同种环流,切向应力越大,对应的流速峰值越大。超过临界温度后产生新环流,若环流流速较小,则削弱形貌变形量,若环流流速较大,则会在对流零点处产生异形形貌。
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