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目的探讨尘肺病患者肺功能及血气分析结果及其与临床症状的关系。方法根据肺功能和血气分析评定标准,对尘肺病患者的肺功能及血气测定结果进行分级,并分析肺功能损伤及血气分析结果与临床症状的关系。结果 139例尘肺病患者血气分析氧分压(PO_2)与肺功能用力肺活量、第1秒用力通气量、1秒率、最大通气量实测值/预测值的百分比(FVC%、FEV_(1.0)%、FEV_(1.0)/FVC%、MVV%)4项指标异常率分别为33.09%、10.79%、15.83%、0.72%、23.74%,肺功能异常率Ⅰ期48.25%、Ⅱ期68.00%。Ⅱ期尘肺病患者低氧血症、肺功能4项指标以及肺功能异常高于Ⅰ期患者,其中FEV_(1.0)%、MVV%差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。患者30~39、40~49、50~55岁年龄组肺功能异常率分别为34.15%、55.68%和90.00%。胸闷、气短、无症状者分别占72.66%、69.78%、17.27%;肺功能血气分析监测异常、正常组呼吸困难患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论尘肺病患者的肺功能异常随期别及年龄增长而增加,血气分析结果 PO_2降低随尘肺期别升高而增多,患者缺氧症状(胸闷气短)与肺功能血气分析检出异常关联不明显,缺氧症状影响患者的劳动能力,在劳动能力鉴定中有参考价值。
Objective To investigate the lung function and blood gas analysis results of patients with pneumoconiosis and its relationship with clinical symptoms. Methods According to the lung function and blood gas analysis and evaluation criteria, the lung function and blood gas determination results of patients with pneumoconiosis were graded, and the relationship between pulmonary function impairment and blood gas analysis results and clinical symptoms was analyzed. Results Fourteen pneumoconiosis patients with pneumoperitoneum were assessed for PO2, FEV_ (1.0)%, FEV_ (1), and forced vital capacity (FEV1) , FEV (1.0) / FVC%, MVV%) were 33.09%, 10.79%, 15.83%, 0.72% and 23.74% respectively. The rate of abnormal lung function was 48.25% in stage Ⅰ and 68.00% in stage Ⅱ. Hypoxemia, pulmonary function and pulmonary function in patients with stage Ⅱ pneumoconiosis were higher than those in stage Ⅰ. FEV_ (1.0)% and MVV% had significant difference (all P <0.05). Patients with 30 ~ 39,40 ~ 49,50 ~ 55 age group lung function abnormalities rates were 34.15%, 55.68% and 90.00%. Chest tightness, shortness of breath and asymptomatic persons accounted for 72.66%, 69.78% and 17.27% respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of dyspnea between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusions The pulmonary function abnormalities in patients with pneumoconiosis increased with sequelae and age. The decrease of PO_2 in blood gas analysis increased with the increase of pneumoconiosis stage. The anoxia symptoms (chest tightness and shortness of breath) were not correlated with pulmonary function test , Hypoxia symptoms affect the patient’s ability to work, the ability to work in the identification of reference.