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2011年5月对崂山山顶风化坑进行考察和采样,通过对风化坑内碎屑和坑外岩石的粉晶X射线衍射矿物分析、X射线荧光光谱化学全量分析,研究了风化坑内外的矿物风化及各元素迁移特征,对风化坑的成因过程进行探讨。研究结果表明:1)崂山山顶风化坑碎屑的英长比总是大于其周边岩石的英长比,说明风化坑的形成是花岗岩造岩矿物差异风化的结果;2)风化坑风化过程中被风化的岩石矿物主要是条纹长石和钾长石;3)风化坑中大量的Mg和Ca主要是外部加入的;4)崂山山顶风化坑内碎屑,坑外岩石面均受到化学风化的作用;5)崂山山顶风化坑内外的风化指数CIA值并不反映崂山当地的气候,山上山下CIA值的差异是风化时间长短不同造成的;6)LOI能很好地反映崂山风化坑内外风化强度的差异,说明长石主要在水解作用下发生分解,也说明了风化坑的积水成因。
In May 2011, Laoshan summit weathering pit was inspected and sampled. By analyzing the powder X-ray diffraction mineralization of the weathered pits and the rocks outside the pit and the full-scale X-ray fluorescence spectrochemical analysis, we studied the mineral weathering inside and outside weathered pits and The migration characteristics of each element, the formation of weathering pit process. The results show that: 1) the ratio of British to Mauritius of the Laoshan summit weathering pit is always greater than that of the surrounding rocks, indicating that the formation of weathering pits is the result of the differential weathering of the granite and rock minerals; 2) Weathering rock minerals are mainly feldspar and potash feldspar; 3) a large amount of Mg and Ca in weathering pits are mainly externally added; 4) debris in Laoshan hill weathering pit and rock faces outside pit are subject to chemical weathering; 5 The CIA value of Laoshan hill weathering pit inside and outside does not reflect the local climate of Laoshan Mountain. The difference of CIA value is caused by different weathering time. 6) LOI can well reflect the difference of weathering intensity inside and outside Laoshan weathering pit, Explain that feldspar decomposes mainly under the action of hydrolysis, and also explains the cause of water accumulation in the weathering pits.