有清一代,离今天的时间最近,对现代社会的影响最大。辛亥革命以后,人们对清代的政治、军事、外交、文化早就在进行研究。但是,关于清代社会经济发展、经济规律的研究长期被忽视,只是到中华人民共和国成立之后,此项研究,才提上了重要日程。其原因是:新中国的学术界,以马克思主义理论作指导,注重人类的经济生活,认为人们物质生活的生产方式决定社会政治生活、精神生活的一般过程,从而改变了以统治阶级的政治活动作为主要视点,忽略下层民众社会生活及社会经济活动的传统的修史治史方法。在这一科学的历史观的指引下,五十年代出现了有历史学界、经济学界参加的关于中国封建社会资本主义萌芽 There is a generation of Qing, from today’s time recently, the greatest impact on modern society. After the Revolution of 1911, people began to study the politics, military affairs, diplomacy and culture in the Qing Dynasty. However, the research on the socio-economic development and economic laws in the Qing Dynasty has long been neglected. Only after the founding of the People’s Republic of China was this study put on an important agenda. The reason for this is that the academic community in New China, guided by Marxist theory, pays attention to the economic life of mankind and believes that the mode of production of material life determines the general process of social, political and spiritual life, thus changing the political activities of the ruling class As the main point of view, it ignores the traditional methods of governing history of the history of social life and social economic activities of the lower classes. Under the guidance of this scientific outlook on history, there emerged in the 1950s the historical and academic fields in which the economists participated in the budding sprout of capitalism in China’s feudal society