An Adaptive Measurement Scheme (AMS) is investigated with Compressed Sensing (CS) theory in Cognitive Wireless Sensor Network (C-WSN). Local sensing information is collected via energy detection with Analog-to-Information Converter (AIC) at massive cognitive sensors, and sparse representation is considered with the exploration of spatial temporal correlation structure of detected signals. Adaptive measurement matrix is designed in AMS, which is based on maximum energy subset selection. Energy subset is calculated with sparse transformation of sensing information, and maximum energy subset is selected as the row vector of adaptive measurement matrix. In addition, the measurement matrix is constructed by orthogonalization of those selected row vectors, which also satisfies the Restricted Isometry Property (RIP) in CS theory. Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) reconstruction algorithm is implemented at sink node to recover original information. Simulation results are performed with the comparison of Random Measurement Scheme (RMS). It is revealed that, signal reconstruction effect based on AMS is superior to conventional RMS Gaussian measurement. Moreover, AMS has better detection performance than RMS at lower compression rate region, and it is suitable for large-scale C-WSN wideband spectrum sensing. An Adaptive Measurement Scheme (AMS) is investigated with Cognitive Wireless Sensor Network (C-WSN). Local sensing information is collected via energy detection with Analog-to-Information Converter (AIC) at massive cognitive sensors, and sparse representation is considered with the exploration of spatial temporal correlation structure of detected signals. which is based on the maximum energy subset selection. Energy subset is calculated with sparse transformation of sensing information, and maximum energy subset is selected as the row vector of adaptive measurement matrix. In addition, the measurement matrix is ​​constructed by orthogonalization of those selected row vectors, which also offers the the Restricted Isometry Property (RIP) in CS theory. Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) reconstruction algorithm is implemented at sink node to recover original information. Simulation results are performed with the com It is revealed that, signal reconstruction effect based on AMS is superior to conventional RMS Gaussian measurement. Moreover, AMS has better detection performance than RMS at lower compression rate region, and it is suitable for large- scale C-WSN wideband spectrum sensing.