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为明确不同种植方式下寒地冬小麦土壤水分效应对根系形态及产量形成的影响,试验采用垄沟播种和传统平播,对黑龙江省冬小麦的土壤水分及产量进行了研究。结果表明:小麦生育中后期沟播土壤水分显著高于平播,分蘖初期20～30cm、30～40cm、40～50cm沟播下土壤体积含水率显著高于平播种植方式,分别提高9.87%、7.82%、4.17%;沟播塑造了较优的根系形态,提高了土壤水分的利用状态,灌浆中后期灌浆速率增加,显著提高粒重,较平播产量提高14.10%,产量增加553kg/hm2。沟播是寒地冬麦区较为安全理想的种植模式。
In order to clarify the effect of soil moisture on root morphology and yield formation of winter wheat under different planting patterns in winter, the soil moisture and yield of winter wheat in Heilongjiang Province were studied using furrow sowing and conventional sowing. The results showed that the soil moisture of sowing and sowing in middle and later stages of wheat was significantly higher than that of sowing and sowing, the volumetric water content of soil under sowing and sowing was 20-30 cm, 30-40 cm and 40-50 cm respectively, significantly increased by 9.87%, 7.82% and 4.17 %; Gully shape better root morphology, improve the utilization of soil moisture, grain filling rate increased in the late, significantly increase the grain weight, compared with the sowing output increased 14.10%, the output increased by 553kg / hm2. Sowing and broadcasting is a relatively safe and ideal planting pattern for the winter wheat area in the winter.