目的比较分析广东省霍乱病例及环境来源O1/O139群霍乱弧菌抗生素敏感性和分子分型特征。方法选取2006-2007年广东省霍乱病例及相关来源、环境(珠江水体和海水产品)来源的O1/O139群霍乱弧菌。采用血清学、药物敏感性试验和分子生物学方法,研究不同来源的霍乱弧菌在菌型分布、药物敏感性、毒素基因携带以及分子分型方面的异同。结果2006-2007年,广东省共分离各类来源O1/O139群霍乱弧菌170株。其中,病例及相关来源菌株37株,环境来源菌株133株(海水产品来源37株、珠江水体96株)。两种来源菌株的菌型构成均以O1群E l Tor稻叶型为主;病例及相关来源菌株以产毒株为主,ctxA毒素基因携带率(83.8%)显著高于环境菌株(4.5%);药物敏感性试验显示,以产毒株为主的病例及相关来源菌株对萘啶酸和复方新诺明的耐药率(78.8%,78.8%)高于以非产毒株为主的环境来源菌株(50.6%,13.9%,P<0.05)。环境来源菌株对多西环素的耐药率(17.7%)高于病例及相关来源菌株(0%,P<0.05)。O139群菌株对氨苄西林的耐药率(70%)高于稻叶型和小川型菌株(8.9%,0%,P<0.01)。脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)聚类分析显示,O139群霍乱弧菌产毒株之间,O1群霍乱弧菌流行株之间以及其他的O1/O139群霍乱弧菌之间,PFGE型别表现为明显的遗传多样性。结论广东省O1/O139群霍乱弧菌来源复杂多样,霍乱防控形势严峻,需要密切注意菌株型别变异情况及菌株变异趋势。 Objective To compare the antibiotic susceptibility and molecular typing characteristics of V. cholerae O1 / O139 in Guangdong province with cholera and environmental sources. Methods Vibrio cholerae O1 / O139 strains from cholera cases and related sources and environments in Guangdong Province (Pearl River water body and seawater products) from 2006 to 2007 were selected. Serological, drug susceptibility testing and molecular biology methods were used to study the similarities and differences in the distribution of Vibrio cholerae, drug susceptibility, toxoplasma gene transfer and molecular typing among different sources. Results From 2006 to 2007, 170 strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 / O139 were isolated in Guangdong Province. Among them, 37 strains of cases and related sources and 133 strains of environment-derived strains (37 strains of marine products and 96 strains of Pearl River waters). The strains of the two strains originated from O1 population El l Tor. The main strains and related strains were toxin-producing strains. The ctxA toxin gene carrier rate (83.8%) was significantly higher than that of the environmental strains (4.5% ); Drug susceptibility test showed that the drug-resistant rates of nalidixic acid and cotrimoxazole (78.8%, 78.8%) were higher than those of non-virus-producing strains Environmentally-derived strains (50.6%, 13.9%, P <0.05). The resistance rate of doxorubicin to environmental strains (17.7%) was higher than that of cases and related strains (0%, P <0.05). The resistance rate of ampicillin to O139 strain (70%) was higher than that of Ovine type and Ogawa type strains (8.9%, 0%, P <0.01). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) clustering analysis showed that PFGE typed between Vibrio cholerae O139 strains, Vibrio cholera O1 strains and Vibrio cholerae O1 / O139 groups For obvious genetic diversity. Conclusion The sources of V. cholerae O1 / O139 strains in Guangdong Province are complex and diverse. The status of prevention and control of cholera is very serious. It is necessary to pay close attention to the variation of strain types and the trend of strain variation.