LP01 and LP11 mode interferences in high-birefringence (Hi-Bi) panda fibers are theoretically and experimentally presented. The propagation characteristics of both the fundamental and second-order modes in Hi-Bi panda fibers are investigated, and the inte
Space-division multiplexing (SDM) has attracted significant attention in recent years because larger transmission capacity is enabled by more degrees of freedom (DOFs) in few-mode fibers (FMFs) compared with single-mode fibers (SMFs). To transmit independ