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目的通过调查深圳地区6~13岁健康儿童的体格匀称性指标,以协助体格匀称性的判断。方法采取随机整群抽样方法,调查深圳市4所学校6~13岁儿童的体格匀称性。将男、女各分7个年龄组,由内分泌专科医师测量身高、体重、坐高(顶臀长)、指距,计算其坐高/身高、指距/身高、(下肢长+指距)/坐高三项指标。结果 1)共调查3 212人,剔除451人,纳入2 761人(男1 400人、女1 361人,其中汉族2 670人,占96.7%,少数民族91人,共有18个少数民族);分性别各年龄组人数在67~333。2)随着年龄的增长,男童指距/身高、(下肢长+指距)/坐高分别从(0.97±0.02)cm和(2.56±0.11)cm增高到(0.99±0.02)cm和(2.80±0.11)cm;女童指距/身高、(下肢长+指距)/坐高分别从(0.96±0.02)cm和(2.57±0.09)cm增高到(0.99±0.02)cm和(2.76±0.10)cm,男女儿童的坐高/身高均从(0.55±0.01)cm减低到(0.52±0.01)cm。3)12~13岁组男童的坐高/身高的均数低于女童(P<0.01);11~12岁组及12~13岁组男童的(下肢长+指距)/坐高的均数高于女童(P均<0.01);7~8岁、8~9岁及9~10岁组男童的指距/身高的均数高于女童(P均<0.05)。结论体格匀称性的判断对矮身材病因鉴别很关键,此次调查的结果可作为深圳地区6-13岁健康儿童体格匀称性判断的参考。
Objective To investigate the physical fitness index of healthy children aged 6 ~ 13 years old in Shenzhen in order to assist in judging the physique symmetry. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to investigate the physique and symmetry of children aged 6 ~ 13 in 4 schools in Shenzhen. The men and women were divided into seven age groups, the endocrine specialist measured height, weight, height (top hip length), finger distance, calculate the height / height, distance / height, / Sit high three indicators. Results 1) A total of 3 212 people were surveyed, 451 were excluded and 2 761 were enrolled (1,400 males and 1,361 females, of whom 2,670 were Han nationals, accounting for 96.7% of the total, 91 ethnic minorities and 18 minorities); The average number of children in each age group was 67 ~ 333.2. With age, the average distance from the male to the female was (0.97 ± 0.02) cm and (2.56 ± 0.11) (0.99 ± 0.02) cm and (2.80 ± 0.11) cm, respectively; girls’ finger pitch / height, (lower extremity length + interlacer) / sitting height increased from (0.96 ± 0.02) cm and (0.99 ± 0.02) cm and (2.76 ± 0.10) cm respectively. The height and height of both boys and girls decreased from (0.55 ± 0.01) cm to (0.52 ± 0.01) cm. 3) The average height of sitting / height of boys in 12-13 years old group was lower than that of girls (P <0.01); (lower limb long + index finger) / sitting height of boys in 11-12 years old group and 12-13 years old group (All P <0.01). The average number of fingers / height of boys aged 7-8, 8-9 and 9-10 years old was higher than that of girls (all P <0.05). Conclusion Judgment of physique symmetry is very important for identifying the cause of short stature. The result of this survey can be used as a reference for judging physical fitness of 6-13 year old children in Shenzhen.