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利用超声作用制备纳米石墨微片(nano-Gs),并采用混酸对其进行表面活化,最后通过熔融共混法制备nano-Gs/聚氯乙烯(PVC)复合材料。通过FTIR、SEM对nano-Gs的结构进行表征,并研究了nano-Gs对nano-Gs/PVC复合材料导电性能和力学性能的影响。FTIR分析表明:nano-Gs经混酸处理后表面活性官能团含量明显升高,并与PVC分子链发生一定程度的氢键作用;SEM图片显示:nano-Gs厚度为30～80nm,其微片宽度为4～20μm,在PVC树脂基体中呈无规状均匀分布;导电性能测试表明:随着nano-Gs含量升高,nano-Gs/PVC复合材料的体积电阻率呈非线性降低趋势,最低为103Ω.cm,nano-Gs的逾渗阈值为10%(质量分数);力学性能测试表明,随着nano-Gs含量升高,nano-Gs/PVC复合材料的拉伸强度及缺口冲击强度均先升高后降低,nano-Gs质量分数为1%时,复合材料的拉伸强度及缺口冲击强度均达到最大值,相比纯PVC分别升高约14%和38%。
Nano-Gs was prepared by ultrasonic treatment and surface-activated with mixed acid. Finally nano-Gs / polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite was prepared by melt blending. The structure of nano-Gs was characterized by FTIR and SEM, and the effect of nano-Gs on the electrical and mechanical properties of nano-Gs / PVC composites was studied. FTIR analysis showed that the content of surface active functional groups of nano-Gs was significantly increased after mixed acid treatment and some degree of hydrogen bonding was observed with the molecular chain of PVC. The SEM images showed that the nano-Gs had a thickness of 30-80 nm and a width of 4 ~ 20μm. The conductivity of the nano-Gs / PVC composites showed a non-linear decreasing trend with the increase of nano-Gs content, the lowest was 103Ω .cm and the percolation threshold of nano-Gs was 10% (mass fraction). The mechanical properties of nano-Gs / PVC composite showed that the tensile strength and notched impact strength of nano-Gs / PVC composites increased with the increase of nano- When the content of nano-Gs is 1%, the tensile strength and notched impact strength of nano-Gs reach the maximum, which are increased by about 14% and 38% respectively compared with pure PVC.