论文部分内容阅读
研究水利工程生态效应区域响应,对于提高水资源利用效率和弱化水利工程的负效应具有重要意义。本文在提出猫跳河流域梯级开发生态效应区域响应概念模型的基础上,从时间尺度和生态空间尺度上,把相互联系和相互制约的河流生态系统、陆地生态系统和人类生产生活系统,按照生态效应区域响应的层次顺序进行分析和概括。通过大量的调查研究资料,比较全面地分析了猫跳河流域河流生态系统中水文情势与水量、水质与水环境、水生生物群落等非生态和生态变量的区域响应;陆地生态系统中大气环境质量、区域气候变化、陆地植被与野生动物等非生态和生态变量的区域响应;人类生产生活系统中土地资源、耕地面积、人群健康等方面的区域响应。结果表明:猫跳河流域开发在带来流域人口增长、产业集聚和社会发展的同时,也出现了一系列不可逆转的生态环境问题,人地矛盾更加突出。猫跳河流域应该积极实现产业转型,从高耗能、高污染的重化工业转化为其它的产业,提高资源附加值,弱化其生态负效应。文章同时对于即将上马和将要进行梯级开发的流域提出建议:流域梯级开发应当综合全流域状况进行开发模式选择,并通过建立合理的河流生态补偿机制,协调各利益相关方的关系,以确保流域内社会、经济、环境的可持续发展。
To study the regional response of ecological effects of water conservancy projects is of great significance for improving water resource utilization efficiency and weakening the negative effects of water conservancy projects. Based on the conceptual model of regional response to the ecological development in the cascade development of the Cathaya River Basin, this paper presents the river ecosystem, the terrestrial ecosystem and the human production and living system that are interrelated and mutually constrained from the time scale and ecological space scale according to the ecological effect Regional response to the level of order analysis and summary. Through a large amount of investigation and research data, the regional responses of non-ecological and ecological variables such as hydrology and water quantity, water quality and water environment, and aquatic biota in the cathartic river ecosystem are analyzed in a comprehensive way. The atmospheric environmental quality, Regional response to regional climate change, non-ecological and ecological variables such as terrestrial vegetation and wildlife; regional response to land resources, cultivated area and population health in human production and living systems. The results show that while cat littoral watershed development brings population growth, industrial agglomeration and social development, a series of irreversible ecological and environmental problems have emerged, and the contradiction between human and land is even more prominent. Catty jump river basin should actively achieve industrial restructuring, from high energy consumption, high pollution, heavy chemical industry into other industries, increase the added value of resources, weakened its negative ecological effects. At the same time, the article puts forward suggestions for the river basins that are about to be launched and are going to be developed step by step: the cascade development of watershed should be based on the selection of development modes based on the status of the whole basin and coordinate the relationships among various stakeholders through establishing reasonable river ecological compensation mechanism to ensure that Social, economic and environmental sustainable development.