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通过溶液培养试验(采用埃斯皮诺营养液),研究不同形态锑[Sb(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅴ)]对常规籼稻(丰美占)生长、根系形态以及不同部位Sb含量的影响。结果表明:Sb(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅴ)均对水稻生长有抑制作用,且Sb(Ⅲ)的毒性较Sb(Ⅴ)高。随Sb(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅴ)处理浓度增加,地上部分和根系Sb含量均显著增加,且大量集中在根系。水稻对Sb(Ⅲ)的转运能力较Sb(Ⅴ)强,导致Sb(Ⅲ)处理下水稻地上部分Sb含量高于Sb(Ⅴ)处理,根系Sb含量则相反。Sb(Ⅲ)的加入显著抑制大多数根系形态参数,包括根长、根面积、根体积、根尖数以及根分叉数;而仅20 mg·L~(-1)Sb(Ⅴ)能显著抑制水稻根面积、根直径、根分叉数。上述结果表明:Sb(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅴ)处理下,水稻能通过降低根面积和分叉数降低对Sb的吸收。随着Sb(Ⅲ)处理浓度增加,水稻细根比例从52.1%降低至41.5%,中等根比例从45.2%增加至55.2%,表明Sb(Ⅲ)处理下水稻能通过增加根系粗度来降低对Sb的吸收;而随着Sb(Ⅴ)处理浓度增加,水稻细根比例在52.1%~56.8%之间波动,中等根比例在41.7%~45.2%之间波动。
The effects of different forms of antimony [Sb (Ⅲ) and Sb (Ⅴ)] on the growth, root morphology and Sb content of different parts of conventional indica rice (Fengmeizhan) were studied by solution culture test using Espino nutrient solution. The results showed that both Sb (Ⅲ) and Sb (Ⅴ) inhibited the growth of rice and the toxicity of Sb (Ⅲ) was higher than that of Sb (Ⅴ). As the concentrations of Sb (Ⅲ) and Sb (Ⅴ) increased, the contents of Sb in shoots and roots increased significantly, and were concentrated in the roots. The transmissibility of Sb (Ⅲ) in rice was stronger than that of Sb (Ⅴ), which led to higher Sb content in shoots than Sb (Ⅴ) in Sb (Ⅲ) treatment and Sb content in roots. The addition of Sb (Ⅲ) significantly inhibited most of the root morphology parameters, including root length, root area, root volume, root tip number and root bifurcation number; while only 20 mg · L -1 Sb (Ⅴ) Inhibit rice root area, root diameter, root bifurcation number. The above results show that under the treatments of Sb (Ⅲ) and Sb (Ⅴ), rice can reduce the absorption of Sb by reducing root area and bifurcation number. As the concentration of Sb (Ⅲ) increased, the proportion of fine roots in rice decreased from 52.1% to 41.5% and the proportion of middle roots increased from 45.2% to 55.2%, indicating that the rice treated with Sb (Ⅲ) Sb. However, with the increase of Sb (Ⅴ) concentration, the proportion of fine roots in rice fluctuated between 52.1% and 56.8% while the proportion of middle roots fluctuated between 41.7% and 45.2%.