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目的探讨饮食因素与胆囊癌发病的关联,为采取预防措施提供科学依据。方法采用全人群病例对照研究,研究对象为1997年6月-2001年5月期间确诊的、年龄在35-74岁的上海市区368例胆囊癌新发病例以及按性别、年龄(5岁一组)频数配对的895例人群对照。采用非条件logistic回归模型分析饮食各因素与胆囊癌的关系。结果女性中,与最低四分位数组相比,葱属类蔬菜年摄入次数最高四分位组的调整OR为0.55(95%CI:0.31-0.97;Ptrend=0.06);与不吃组比较,大蒜头和洋葱最高摄入组的调整OR分别为0.59(95%CI:0.34-0.99;Ptrend=0.03)和0.52(95%CI:0.30-0.91;Ptrend=0.01)。与最低四分位组比较,腌制品摄入其余各组调整OR在女性中依次为1.06、1.88、2.31,Ptrend<0.001;与不吃乳腐组比较,余三组的调整OR依次为1.19、1.47、1.88.Ptrend<0.01。男性结果与女性类似,腌制品和葱属类蔬菜摄入的各组OR都有不显著的升高和降低。结论新鲜蔬菜,尤其是葱属类蔬菜对胆囊癌的保护作用在女性比男性明显,而且以大蒜头、洋葱的保护作用较为显著。而腌制品摄入,尤其是乳腐,可能会增加胆囊癌的发病风险。
Objective To investigate the association between dietary factors and the pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer and provide a scientific basis for preventive measures. Methods A population-based case-control study was conducted in 368 cases of gallbladder cancer diagnosed in Shanghai from June 1997 to May 2001 with the age from 35 to 74 years old. Group) frequency matching 895 cases of population control. Non-conditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between dietary factors and gallbladder cancer. Results In women, the OR of the highest quadrant of all-vegetable intake was 0.55 (95% CI: 0.31-0.97; Ptrend = 0.06) compared with the lowest quartile; compared with the non-eating group Adjusted ORs for the highest intake of garlic heads and onions were 0.59 (95% CI: 0.34-0.99; Ptrend = 0.03) and 0.52 (95% CI: 0.30-0.91; Ptrend = 0.01), respectively. Compared with the lowest quartile group, the adjusted OR of salted products in the remaining groups was 1.06, 1.88, 2.31, and Ptrend <0.001 respectively in women. The OR of the remaining three groups were 1.19, 1.47, 1.88. Trend <0.01. Results for men were similar to those for females with no significant increase or decrease in OR for each group of pickled and allied vegetables. Conclusion The protective effect of fresh vegetables, especially Allium vegetables, on gallbladder carcinomas is more obvious in females than in males, and the protective effect of garlic, garlic and onions is more obvious. The pickled products intake, especially milk rot, may increase the risk of gallbladder cancer.