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目的了解广西右江区2002年疟疾流行及控制现状,评价监测措施,为实施全球基金疟疾控制项目提供基线数据。方法选择右江区近年疟疾病人较多的3个乡镇进行回顾性调查,统计分析2002年疟疾疫情报告、发热病人血检资料,逐户调查疟疾发病情况,对村民和学生进行疟史、蚊帐使用情况和疟防知识问卷调查。结果2002年右江区疟疾发病率为0.15/万。血检当地发热病人9885人次,年血检率为3.03%,未检出阳性病例;血检流动人口419人次,检出5例间日疟病例,阳性率为1.19%。走访调查1004户4709名村民,查出1例疑似病例,居民蚊帐使用率为98.17%,中小学生经验积累型和间接传授型疟防知识知晓率均高于村民。结论2002年右江区疟疾发病率继续控制在1/万以下,无当地感染病例,疟疾病例全部为输入性,村民蚊帐使用率较高,存在一定疫情漏报现象,现行疟疾监测与防治措施有效可行。
Objective To understand the prevalence and control of malaria in Guangxi’s Youjiang District in 2002, evaluate monitoring measures and provide baseline data for the implementation of the Global Fund’s malaria control project. Methods Three villages and towns with more malaria patients in Youjiang district were retrospectively surveyed. The malaria epidemic situation report in 2002, blood test data of febrile patients were statistically analyzed. The incidence of malaria was investigated on a household-by-household basis. Malaria and mosquito nets were used on villagers and students Situation and Malaria Knowledge Questionnaire. Results The incidence of malaria in Youjiang District in 2002 was 0.15 / million. There were 9,885 local blood tests and the annual blood test was 3.03%. No positive cases were detected. Among the 419 blood tests, 5 cases of V. falciparum were detected, the positive rate was 1.19%. Visited 4,709 villagers in 1004 households and detected 1 suspected case. The utilization rate of mosquito nets for residents was 98.17%. The awareness rate of experience accumulation and indirectly imparted malaria knowledge among primary and secondary school students was higher than that of villagers. Conclusion The incidence of malaria in Youjiang district continued to be controlled below 1/10 000 in 2002, without any local infection. All cases of malaria were imported and the utilization rates of mosquito nets were high among villagers. There was some underestimation of epidemic situation, and the existing malaria monitoring and control measures were effective feasible.