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急斜特厚煤层水平分段综放(Horizontal Section Top-coal Caving,HSTCC)工作面覆层结构稳定性预测对安全开采至关重要。以乌鲁木齐矿区急斜特厚煤层安全开采为目标,采用理论分析、数值计算和现场探测等综合方法,揭示了HSTCC条件下覆层类椭球体结构形成过程与局部化动态演化规律。研究表明:急斜特厚煤层水平分段综放开采工作面覆层垂向变形演化非对称趋势显著,顶煤与上覆残留煤矸复合形成非对称“拱结构”并演化为典型倾斜椭球体结构;拱角与拱顶煤岩滑落失稳,造成工作面局部压力畸变并诱发动力学灾害。这对急斜特厚煤层覆层结构和高度留设设计和灾害防治具有指导作用。
Horizontal Section Top-coal Caving (HSTCC) Prediction of Stability of Cladding Structure in Steep and Extra-thick Seam is Important to Safe Mining. Taking the safe mining of steep and extremely thick coal seams in Urumuqi as an objective, the formation process and local dynamic evolution of cladding ellipsoid structure under HSTCC condition are revealed by comprehensive methods such as theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and field exploration. The results show that the evolution of vertical deformation in the fully mechanized top coal caving mining face with horizontal section has obvious asymmetry tendency, the top coal and the overlying coal gangue form an asymmetrical “arch structure” and evolve into a typical tilt Ellipsoid structure; arch angle and vandal coal-rock slide-down instability, causing the local pressure surface deformation and inducing dynamic disaster. This is of great steep thick coal seam cladding structure and height of the design and disaster prevention has guidance.