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以河北省审定的85个冬小麦品种为材料,采用防雨棚春季干旱和露地灌溉2个处理,分别于开花期、成熟期调查株高等27个表型性状,分析了各表型性状与单株子粒产量的相关性。结果表明,单株成穗数等12个性状与单株子粒产量抗旱系数或抗旱指数呈显著或极显著相关;结合表型性状变异系数,明确了提高单株成穗数、穗粒数、灌溉条件下较长的旗叶长度和干旱条件下较短的旗叶长度是培育丰产抗旱小麦新品种的主攻方向;子粒比重、子粒长度及干旱条件下的结实率和每穗小穗数可作为河北省小麦种质资源丰产抗旱性的鉴定依据;河北省小麦品种丰产性高,而抗旱性尚需进一步改善。
In this study, 85 winter wheat cultivars approved by Hebei Province were used as materials. Spring rain canopy and open-field irrigation were used to treat 27 phenotypic traits at flowering stage and maturity stage respectively. Correlation of grain yield. The results showed that there were significant or extremely significant correlations between 12 traits per plant and single plant grain yield drought resistance index or drought resistance index. Combining with the coefficient of variation of phenotypic traits, the number of panicle per plant, the number of grains per ear, Longer flag leaf length and shorter flag leaf length under drought conditions are the main directions for cultivating new wheat varieties with high yield and drought resistance; grain weight, grain length and seed setting rate under drought and spikelet number per panicle can be used as Hebei Wheat germplasm resources of high yield drought resistance identification basis; high yield of wheat varieties in Hebei Province, and the need to further improve the drought resistance.