通过SiC颗粒示踪法获得了焊丝填充对熔池表面流动的影响规律,分析了不同的焊接工艺、焊丝填送模式和送丝角度对熔池表面波动行为及焊缝成形的影响。结果表明,在激光自熔焊过程中,熔池表面液态金属向后方及熔池另一侧流动,熔池表面波动较剧烈,焊缝表面出现凹陷缺陷;在激光填丝焊过程中,熔池表面金属全部表现为从前向后的快速流动,熔池表面波动相对稳定,焊缝表面成形良好。在激光填丝焊过程中,焊丝的过渡模式对熔池表面稳定性有显著影响,降低送丝角度有利于获得稳定的液桥过渡及减少焊缝气孔缺陷。 The effect of wire filling on the surface flow of molten pool was obtained by SiC particle tracing method. The influence of different welding process, wire feeding mode and wire feeding angle on the surface fluctuation and weld formation was analyzed. The results show that during the process of laser self-fusion welding, the liquid metal on the surface of the molten pool flows backward and on the other side of the pool. The surface of the pool fluctuates violently and the surface of the weld appears concave defects. During the process of laser wire-bonding welding, All the surface metals showed a rapid flow from front to back, the surface of the weld pool was relatively stable and the surface of the weld was well formed. During the process of laser wire-bonding welding, the transition mode of wire has a significant effect on the surface stability of the weld pool. Reducing the wire feed angle is conducive to obtaining a stable liquid bridge transition and reducing the porosity defects in the weld.