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目的了解中国10~15岁少儿抑郁情况,为完善儿童保健政策提供基础资料。方法采用多阶段分层抽样的方法抽取全国少儿样本2 257人,采用流行病调查中心抑郁自评量表(CES-D)进行调查。结果少儿抑郁平均得分为27.17分;单因素分析显示,年龄、母亲学历、过去一个月父母间争吵、过去一个月因病旷课及学校寄宿等因素对少儿抑郁得分有影响,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);二分类logistic回归分析结果显示,母亲学历较低(OR=11.761,95%CI=2.052~67.418)、不与父亲同住(OR=1.224,95%CI=1.020~1.468)、父母吵架(OR=1.017,95%CI=1.004~1.030)是少儿抑郁的危险因素(P<0.05),过去一个月没有因身体不适而旷课(OR=0.517,95%CI=0.337~0.793)是少儿抑郁的保护性因素(P<0.05)。结论应对母亲学历较低、不与父亲同住、父母吵架及具有身体健康问题的少儿给予更多关注。
Objective To understand the depression in children aged 10-15 in China and provide basic information for improving child health policy. Methods A total of 2 257 children samples were collected by multistage stratified sampling method and investigated by the Self-Rating Depression Scale of Epidemiology Center (CES-D). Results The average score of depression in children was 27.17 points. Univariate analysis showed that age, mothers’ education level, quarrel between parents in the past month and children’s depression scores in the past month due to illness absenteeism and school boarding had statistically significant differences (OR = 11.761, 95% CI = 2.052 ~ 67.418), no domicile with their father (OR = 1.224, 95% CI = 1.020 ~ 1.468) (OR = 1.017, 95% CI = 1.004-1.030) were the risk factors for depression in children (P <0.05). No physical abdication was found during the past month (OR = 0.517, 95% CI = 0.337-0.793) Is a protective factor of children’s depression (P <0.05). Conclusion More attention should be paid to children with lower education level, not living with their father, quarrels between parents and children with physical health problems.