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目的通过分析流行性腮腺炎(流腮)流行特征,掌握流行规律,制定控制策略。方法采用平均增长速度、动态数列、样本率比较的χ2检验、相对危险度、圆形分布法进行分析。结果 2004-2011年阳朔县共发生流腮659例,平均发病率为29.26/10万,2004-2008年发病率呈上升趋势,至2008年达高峰,发病率为92.25/10万。该病的发病特征为流行有周期性;季节分布全年均有发病,有明显的季节性,每年夏季和冬季为发病高峰,夏季发病高峰日6月24日,流行高峰期4月3日至9月14日,冬季发病高峰日11月12日,流行高峰期9月11日至次年1月11日;人群分布4～14岁儿童为高危人群;农村发病高于城区,农村小学时有多发、暴发疫情;随着疫苗使用量的上升,流腮发病率呈下降趋势。结论按照目前的国家免疫策略不能达到控制或大幅度降低流腮发病的目标,应调整流腮免疫程序,同时通过严格预防接种证查验制度,以提高儿童疫苗免疫接种率。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of mumps (griseus), master the epidemic rules, and develop control strategies. Methods The average growth rate, dynamic series, sample rate comparison χ2 test, relative risk, circular distribution method were analyzed. Results A total of 659 cases of cheeks were found in Yangshuo County from 2004 to 2011 with an average incidence of 29.26 / 100 000. The incidence increased from 2004 to 2008 and reached a peak in 2008 with a rate of 92.25 / 100 000. The incidence of the disease is characterized by cyclical epidemic; the seasonal distribution of the disease all year round, with obvious seasonal, annual peak incidence in summer and winter, peak incidence on the summer of June 24, the peak of April 3 to September 14, the peak incidence of winter on November 12, the peak period of September 11 to January 11 the following year; the population distribution of children aged 4 to 14 high-risk groups; rural incidence higher than urban areas, rural primary school when Multiple outbreaks and outbreaks; the incidence of mumps showed a downward trend with the increase of vaccine use. Conclusion According to the current national immunization strategy can not achieve the goal of controlling or greatly reducing the incidence of grifola, we should adjust the procedure of immunization of gills, and at the same time pass the strict vaccination card examination system to improve the immunization coverage of children.