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随着城市化的不断推进,美国大都市区的低密度蔓延造成了一系列的经济、社会和生态问题,而加州作为美国增长最快蔓延最严重的州之一,上述各类问题更加严重。为了遏制快速增长和蔓延所造成的各类问题,加州从20世纪60年代就开始制定和实施了一系列增长管理立法和措施,比如保护农田、保护滨海地带、保护野生动物栖息地等。然而,与其他一些州相比,加州的增长管理举措无论在深度和广度上都不是最先进的,而是存在着某些严重的缺陷,其主要表现就是自下而上的增长管理模式。由于缺少州政府和区域机构的有力推动和监督,加州的增长管理效果不是十分理想。
As urbanization progresses, the low-density spread of the metropolitan area in the United States has caused a series of economic, social and ecological problems. As one of the states with the fastest-growing U.S. growth, the above-mentioned problems are even more serious. In order to curb the problems caused by rapid growth and spread, California started to formulate and implement a series of growth management legislation and measures since the 1960s, such as protecting farmland, protecting the coastal zone and protecting wildlife habitat. However, compared with some other states, California’s growth management initiatives are neither the most advanced nor the most advanced in depth and breadth. However, there are some serious flaws. Their main performance is the bottom-up growth management model. Due to the lack of vigorous promotion and oversight by state governments and regional agencies, California’s growth management effectiveness is not very satisfactory.