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本文利用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,构建样本选择模型评估出口产品结构优化对女性工资增长的促进作用。实证研究发现,机电产品和高新技术产品出口能力高的省市,出口产品结构优化对女性工资增长的促进作用非常显著,但仍然以初级产品或劳动密集型产品作为主要出口产品的省市,即使机电产品和高新技术产品出口规模有所提高,对提高女性工资水平所起作用也非常有限。此外,首次指出影响女性选择外出工作意愿的因素,将受到女性所在省市出口能力的根本性干预。本文研究表明鼓励机电产品和高新技术产品出口确实是提高女性工资水平、缩小性别工资差距的新思路,但前提在于出口产品结构已经实现了全面优化。
In this paper, we use the CGSS data to construct a sample selection model to evaluate the promotion effect of export product structure optimization on female wage growth. Empirical studies have found that provinces and municipalities with high export capacity of mechanical and electrical products and high-tech products have a significant role in promoting the growth of women’s wages but that they still use primary products or labor-intensive products as provinces and cities with major export products, even though The export scale of mechanical and electrical products and high-tech products has been raised, and the contribution to the improvement of the level of women’s wages has also been very limited. In addition, it is the first time that the factors affecting women’s willingness to go out to work will be fundamentally interfered with by the export capacity of women’s provinces and cities. This study shows that encouraging the export of mechanical and electrical products and high-tech products is indeed a new way of raising female wages and narrowing the wage gap between women and men. However, the premise is that the structure of export products has been fully optimized.