近年来,由于医学的进步,对禁食病人实行长达4～8周,甚至更久的全肠胃外营养已经成功。在全肠胃外营养的情况下,人体需要何种维生素和微量元素,剂量及输给途径如何,这是本文作者所要回答的问题。维生素A:每日需要量在5,000～6,000国际单位之间。肝脏具有储存维生素A的能力,每克肝脏可储存100国际单位维生素,这一储存量足可满足一个人一年的需要。如果每日只吸收3,300国际单位,血清中维生素A的含量就从240±30μg/l,降到160±30μg/l。故每日输给4,200国际单位较为合适。维生素D:在阳光的作用下,皮肤中T-脱氢胆甾醇可转换为足量的维生素D。在肠胃外营养条件下,天然生成的维生素D减少。每 In recent years, total parenteral nutrition has been successful in fasting patients for up to 4 to 8 weeks or even longer due to medical advances. In the case of total parenteral nutrition, the body need what vitamins and trace elements, dosage and route of administration, which is the author of this article to answer the question. Vitamin A: daily needs between 5,000 ~ 6,000 International Units. The liver has the ability to store vitamin A, which can store 100 IU of vitamin per gram of liver, enough to meet one person’s needs for one year. If only absorbed 3, 300 IU daily, serum vitamin A levels from 240 ± 30μg / l, down to 160 ± 30μg / l. It is more appropriate to lose 4,200 IU daily. Vitamin D: Under the action of the sun, T-dehydrocholesterol in the skin can be converted to a sufficient amount of vitamin D. Under parenteral nutrition, naturally occurring vitamin D is reduced. each