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目的:探索乙型肝炎(乙肝)监测数据的网络直报情况,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法:采用描述性流行病学研究方法分析。结果:2004-2008年乙肝累计报告发病1451例,年均报告发病率为73.35/10万,占甲乙类传染病发病构成逐年递增,订正后年均报告发病率为76.23/10万。病例报告分类以慢性乙肝为主,占76.97%。报告发病以15~54岁的中青年为主,15岁以下儿童一直处于低水平,55岁以上人群有逐年递增趋势;发病率男性高于女性;较集中在工人、家务及待业、农民、干部职员等人群。结论:定海区的乙肝年度丢失病例数约为2%~3%,乙肝分类报告越来越规范,建议乙肝疫情评价指标可用现患率或病例报告率代替发病率。另外,加强慢性乙肝病人的管理以及进一步做好工人、农民和老年人等重点人群的疫苗接种工作,对于乙肝在公共卫生防治方面具有重要意义。
Objective: To explore the network direct reporting of Hepatitis B (HBV) surveillance data and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological studies were performed. Results: The cumulative incidence of hepatitis B in 2004-2008 was 1451 cases, with an average annual incidence of 73.35 / 100 000, accounting for the increasing incidence of class A and B infectious diseases. The revised annual average incidence was 76.23 / 100 000. Case reports mainly chronic hepatitis B, accounting for 76.97%. The reported incidence of young people aged 15-54 years mainly children under the age of 15 have been at a low level, the population over the age of 55 have an increasing trend; the incidence of men than women; more concentrated in the workers, housework and unemployed, farmers, cadres Staff and other groups. Conclusion: The annual number of cases of hepatitis B loss in Dinghai District is about 2% ~ 3%. The classification report of hepatitis B is more and more standardized. It is suggested that the evaluation index of epidemic situation of hepatitis B can be replaced by prevalence or case report rate. In addition, to strengthen the management of chronic hepatitis B patients and to further do a good job of vaccination of key populations such as workers, farmers and the elderly for the hepatitis B in the public health prevention and control aspects of great significance.