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目的 研究神经生长因子(NGF)对糖尿病大鼠周围神经病变的影响。方法 糖尿病大鼠造模后2周开始连续后肢肌注 NGF(800 U·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)),应用甲苯胺蓝染色及透射电镜观察大鼠坐骨神经的形态学变化。结果 糖尿病造模后2周电镜下坐骨神经即出现葱管样改变,且该病理改变随时间加重,6个月出现脱髓鞘。3个月及6个月NGF治疗组(NGF组)大鼠坐骨神经的神经纤维髓鞘及轴突面积较相应的糖尿病组(DM组)均增加,3个月NGF组及DM组坐骨神经纤维髓鞘面积分别为(47.48±11.84)μm~2和(44.86±12.28)μm~2(P<0.05);6个月分别为(57.76±10.33)μm~2和(46.34±11.57)μm~2(P<0.05)。3个月NGF组及DM组坐骨神经纤维的轴突面积分别为(22.86±9.59)μm~2和(19.86±7.78)μm~2(P<0.05);6个月分别为(23.90±7.18)μm~2和(20.29±6.67)μm(P<0.05)。6个月NGF组较3个月组髓鞘面积增加,并可减少坐骨神经纤维脱髓鞘。结论 早期、长期应用NGF可以有效改善糖尿病大鼠周围神经病变的形态。
Objective To investigate the effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) on peripheral neuropathy in diabetic rats. Methods NGF (800 U · kg ~ (-1) · d ~ (-1)) was injected into the hind limbs 2 weeks after modeling. The morphological changes of the sciatic nerve were observed by toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscopy. . Results 2 weeks after modeling, the sciatic nerve under electron microscopy showed onion-like changes, and the pathological changes increased with time, demyelination occurred 6 months later. 3 months and 6 months NGF treatment group (NGF group) rats sciatic nerve fibers of the myelin sheath and axonal area than the corresponding diabetic group (DM group) were increased 3 months NGF group and DM group sciatic nerve fiber myelin sheath (47.48 ± 11.84) μm ~ 2 and (44.86 ± 12.28) μm ~ 2, respectively (P <0.05) at 6 months and 57.76 ± 10.33 μm ~ 2 and 46.34 ± 11.57 μm ~ 2 at 6 months <0.05). Axonal areas of sciatic nerve fibers in NGF group and DM group were (22.86 ± 9.59) μm 2 and (19.86 ± 7.78) μm 2 (P <0.05) at 3 months respectively, and were 23.90 ± 7.18 μm in 6 months ~ 2 and (20.29 ± 6.67) μm (P <0.05). In 6-month NGF group, the area of myelin increased more than that in 3-month group and decreased the demyelination of sciatic nerve fibers. Conclusion Early and long-term application of NGF can effectively improve the morphology of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.