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目的探讨狂犬病Ⅲ级暴露预防处置措施、临床护理方法及效果。方法对2013~2014年收治的2 287例狂犬病Ⅲ级暴露伤者进行伤口处理和狂犬病疫苗全程注射,并给予常规护理、心理护理及健康教育。结果 1 293例(56.5%)伤者的伤口得到规范处理和全程注射狂犬病疫苗,994例(43.5%)伤者同时接受被动免疫制剂注射。所有伤者伤口愈合良好,无狂犬病发生。结论对Ⅲ级暴露伤者进行及时的伤口处理,足量注射被动免疫制剂和全程注射狂犬病疫苗,能有效防止狂犬病的发生;而配以适当的心理护理及健康教育,可消除伤者不良心理,提高疫苗全程接种依从性,对预防狂犬病的发生具有积极意义。
Objective To investigate the preventive measures, clinical nursing methods and effects of stage Ⅲ exposure of rabies. Methods A total of 2 287 rabies patients with stage Ⅲ exposure were admitted to the hospital from 2013 to 2014 for wound treatment and rabies vaccine injection. The patients were given routine nursing, psychological nursing and health education. Results A total of 1 293 (56.5%) wounds received standard treatment and full-dose rabies vaccine, and 994 (43.5%) wounded received passive immunization simultaneously. All wounds healed well without rabies. Conclusions The timely treatment of wounds with stage Ⅲ exposure, adequate injection of passive immunization and full injection of rabies vaccine can effectively prevent the occurrence of rabies. With appropriate psychological nursing and health education, To improve vaccination compliance throughout the vaccination has a positive effect on the prevention of rabies.