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一个地区由于存在着多重重叠的自由贸易协定(FTA),同种商品可能会面临不同的关税税率、降税步骤以及原产地规则,由此出现歧视性的贸易自由化。不断增加的FTA让区域内的贸易体系变得混乱不堪。把这种地区的各种FTA的签订主体用线条连接起来,可以形成一团复杂的线网,这种状况被印度裔美国学者巴格瓦蒂形象地形容为一碗“意大利面”。有学者研究了东亚地区的FTA签订情况,认为
Because of the existence of multiple overlapping Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) in one area, the same kinds of commodities may face different tariff rates, tariff reduction steps and rules of origin, thus resulting in discriminatory trade liberalization. The growing FTA has made the trading system in the region chaos. Connecting the main bodies of various FTAs in such areas with lines can form a complex network of lines, which is vividly described by the Indian American scholar Bhagwati as a bowl of “pasta.” Some scholars have studied the FTA signing status in East Asia, think