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目的了解北海市居民对碘盐的选择意愿及对碘缺乏病防治知识的知晓情况,进一步推动碘缺乏病防治工作。方法 2010年4月,对北海市3个主城区6个街道办事处(镇)有固定电话的家庭成员进行电话问卷抽样调查,调查内容包括碘盐选择意愿及碘缺乏病防治知识知晓情况。结果拨打电话1 290个,有效应答234人;主动选择购买碘盐的155人,占66.2%(155/234),选择购买不加碘食盐或对是否选择碘盐持无所谓看法的73人,占31.2%(73/234);海城区、银海区、铁山港区自主选择碘盐率分别为76.3%(100/131)、70.1%(24/34)、45.0%(31/69),海城区高于铁山港区(P<0.01)。听说过碘缺乏病的108人,占46.2%(108/234),未听说过碘缺乏病的126人,占53.8%(126/234),了解碘缺乏病危害的79人,占调查总数的33.8%(79/234);了解碘缺乏病预防方法的51人,占调查总数的21.8%(51/234);海城区、银海区和铁山港区居民碘缺乏病相关知识知晓率在8.8%～61.1%之间,海城区居民碘缺乏病各项相关知识知晓率高于铁山港区(均P<0.05)。结论北海市居民食用碘盐和碘缺乏病知识认识不足,提示应进一步加强碘缺乏病健康教育工作,普及碘缺乏病知识,提高自觉食用碘盐的意识。
Objective To understand Beihai residents’ willingness to choose iodized salt and knowledge of prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders and further promote the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods In April 2010, a telephone questionnaire survey was conducted on family members with fixed-line telephones in 6 street subdivisions (towns) in 3 main urban districts of Beihai City. The survey included the knowledge of the iodine salt selection intention and the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders. As a result, there were 1 290 telephone calls and 234 valid responses. Among them, 155 were active users who chose to buy iodized salt, accounting for 66.2% (155/234). 73 people who chose not to eat iodized salt or indoctrinated iodized salt accounted for 31.2% (73/234) respectively; the iodine salt rates independently selected by Haicheng, Yinhai and Tieshangang were 76.3% (100/131), 70.1% (24/34) and 45.0% (31/69) respectively, Haicheng District is higher than Tieshangang District (P <0.01). 108 (46.2%) had heard of iodine deficiency disorders (108/234), 126 (53.8%) had not heard of iodine deficiency disorders (126/234), 79 had knowledge of the dangers of iodine deficiency disorders Accounting for 33.8% (79/234) of the total; 51 people knew about the prevention of iodine deficiency deficiency, accounting for 21.8% (51/234) of the total number of respondents; Knowledge of iodine deficiency related knowledge among Haicheng, Yinhai and Tieshangang residents Rates ranged from 8.8% to 61.1%. Hazard ratios of iodine deficiency disorders in Haicheng residents were higher than those in Tieshangang (P <0.05). Conclusions Beihai residents lack knowledge of iodized salt and iodine deficiency disorders, which suggests that we should further strengthen the health education of iodine deficiency disorders, popularize the knowledge of iodine deficiency disorders and raise the consciousness of consuming iodized salt consciously.