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目的了解我国少数民族儿童青少年的肺机能状况,为促进少数民族地区学生体质健康提供有价值的参考意见。方法以2010年《中国学生体质与健康调研报告》中的全国26个少数民族及汉族7~18岁学生的肺活量及肺活量体重指数作为研究依据,应用Excel2010对各变量数据标准化处理后进行综合比较分析。结果朝鲜族和哈萨克族男生肺活量高于全国平均水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);朝鲜族、苗族、侗族、哈尼族、傈傈族、撒拉族、柯尔克孜族、哈萨克族、水族、彝族等10个少数民族男生肺活量体重指数高于全国平均水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);朝鲜族、土家族、哈萨克族、彝族4个少数民族女生肺活量高于全国平均水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);朝鲜族、侗族、傈傈族、撒拉族、彝族等5个少数民族女生肺活量体重指数高于全国平均水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论少数民族地区儿童青少年学生肺活量发育水平与全国平均水平有一定的差距,应有针对性地采取干预措施,以进一步提高这些地区少数民族学生的体质与健康水平。
Objective To understand the lung function of children and adolescents in ethnic minority in China and provide valuable reference for promoting the health of students in ethnic minority areas. Methods Based on the data of vital capacity and vital capacity of 26 ethnic minorities in China and 7 ~ 18 years old of Han nationality in 2010 Chinese Physical Fitness and Health Research Report, the data of each variable were normalized and compared by Excel2010 after comprehensive comparison and analysis . Results The lung capacity of Korean and Kazak boys was higher than the national average (P <0.05). The Korean, Miao, Dong, Hani, Lisu, Salar, Kirgiz, Kazak, The lung vital mass index of 10 ethnic minority boys and girls of Yi nationality was higher than the national average level (P <0.05). The lung vital capacity of 4 ethnic minority girls from Korea, Tujia, Kazak and Yi nationalities was higher than the national average, (P <0.05). The body mass index of vital capacity of 5 minorities such as Korean, Dong, Lisu, Salar and Yi nationality were higher than the national average (P <0.05). Conclusions There is a certain gap between the level of development of vital capacity of children and adolescents in ethnic minority areas and the national average level. Interventions should be taken in order to further improve the physical fitness and health of minority students in these areas.