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目的了解某化工基地化工工人生存质量与职业紧张的关系。方法采用判断抽样的方法,以《生存质量测定量表简表》和《职业紧张量表》(OSI-R)对517名化工工人进行问卷调查。结果 517名化工工人生存质量得分中位数为51.52(24.62~74.29)分;化工工人OSI-R的职业任务问卷得分低于国内常模[(161.40±24.99)vs(183.36±22.02)分,P<0.01],个体紧张反应问卷和个体应对资源问卷得分均高于国内常模[(100.18±20.69)vs(97.47±13.77)分,(131.74±17.93)vs(128.86±18.45)分,P<0.01];职业任务问卷、个体紧张反应问卷高得分组工人的生存质量差于低得分组(P<0.01),个体应对资源问卷高得分组工人的生存质量好于低得分组(P<0.01)。生存质量得分分别与职业任务问卷及个体紧张反应问卷得分呈负相关(P<0.01),与个体应对资源问卷得分呈正相关(P<0.01)。生存质量的主要影响因素是个体紧张反应、个体应对资源、职业任务、每天睡眠时间和工伤(P<0.05)。结论职业紧张可影响化工工人的生存质量,职业任务和个体紧张反应的增加可降低化工工人的生存质量,而个体应对资源的增多可提高化工工人的生存质量。
Objective To understand the relationship between the quality of life and occupational stress of chemical workers in a chemical industry base. Methods A sample of 517 chemical workers was surveyed using the method of judgment sampling with the “Quality of Life Measuring Scale” and “Occupational Stress Scale” (OSI-R). Results The median score of quality of life of 517 chemical workers was 51.52 (24.62 ~ 74.29) points. The score of occupational task questionnaire of chemical workers OSI-R was lower than that of the national norm [(161.40 ± 24.99) vs (183.36 ± 22.02) P <0.01]. The scores of individual stress response questionnaire and individual response resource questionnaire were all higher than those of the domestic norm [(100.18 ± 20.69) vs (97.47 ± 13.77), (131.74 ± 17.93) vs (128.86 ± 18.45), P <0.01 (P <0.01). The quality of life of workers with high score of self-employed questionnaire was better than that of low-score group (P <0.01). The quality of life scores were negatively correlated with occupational task questionnaire and individual stress response questionnaire scores (P <0.01), and were positively correlated with individual response resource questionnaire scores (P <0.01). The main influencing factors of quality of life were individual stress response, individual coping resources, occupational tasks, daily sleep time and work-related injuries (P <0.05). Conclusion Occupational stress can affect the quality of life of chemical workers. Occupational tasks and the increase of individual nervous stress can reduce the quality of life of chemical workers. However, the increase of individual resources can improve the quality of life of chemical workers.