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老鹰岩滑坡是汶川地震触发的大型岩质滑坡,滑坡纵长450 m,最大展宽430 m,体积约1 500×104m3。滑坡掩埋了一座中型水电站,造成20余人死亡,巨大的滑体堆积厚达100余米的滑坡坝,形成了汶川震区库容量仅次于唐家山的第二大堰塞湖。强震触发形成老鹰岩滑坡分为三个阶段,即:①后缘震动拉裂阶段。老鹰岩滑坡后缘为一突兀山脊,地形对地震动力放大效应明显,震动拉裂沿长大结构面形成了一个陡峭、粗糙,与重力作用下呈光滑、有一定弧形的后缘拉裂面迥异的边界。②摩擦阻力降低、滑体溃滑阶段。地震动力的持续作用,地震波不断在滑面处发生反射和折射,使得滑面处摩擦阻力迅速降低,进而岩体内“锁固段”剪断,滑体顺层面高速下滑。③滑体高速流动堆积阶段。规模巨大的滑体,冲入姜巴沟,并对沟两侧的山体产生强烈的铲刮,高速碎屑流受到黄洞子沟左侧山体强力阻挡后折返,并震动堆积形成堰塞湖。
The Eagle Rock landslide is a large-scale rock mass landslide triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake. The landslide is 450 m in length and 430 m in maximum, with a volume of about 1,500 × 10 4 m 3. Landslide buried a medium-sized hydropower station, killing more than 20 people, a huge slippery body accumulation of up to 100 meters thick landslide dam, forming Wenchuan earthquake reservoir capacity second only to Tangjiashan second dammed lake. Strong shock triggered the formation of Eagle Rock landslide is divided into three stages, namely: ① trailing edge shock fracture stage. The trailing edge of the eagle rock landslide is a ridge of ridges, the terrain has an obvious amplification effect on the earthquake motions. The vibrational pull-crack forms a steep, rough, gravel-shaped rear surface with a certain arc shape along the growth surface Different borders. ② lower frictional resistance, sliding body slip stage. The continued action of seismic power, the seismic wave continuously reflected and refracted at the slip surface, so that the frictional resistance at the slip surface rapidly decreases, and then the rock mass “locking section ” cut off, the sliding body along the high-speed slide. ③ slippery high-speed flow accumulation phase. Large slippery body, into the ginger bar ditch, and on both sides of the trench mountain strong scraping, high-speed debris flow by the Huangdongzi ditch on the left side of the mountain strong block after the turn back and shock accumulation of the formation of dammed lake.