贝卡里亚否认将财产视为自然或绝对的权利,但未正式提倡废除一切私有权。他指出个体欲望能促使每个人积极奋斗,并使财富在此过程中得以扩张,因此认为资源不平等在某种程度上是能够接受的。这种观点与《犯罪与刑罚》的主旨存在着潜在冲突:更为平等的财富和权力对他提倡的刑事司法制度形成至关重要。他的观点受到当时比他保守和激进的人的质疑和批评。保守主义者费尔迪南多·法基内认为等级社会中土地所有者的家族式统治应当得到刑法的维护和支撑。早期社会主义者艾伯·马布利则对贝卡里亚倡导的改革在充满竞争和不平等的资本主义社会的可行性表示怀疑。 Beccaria denied property as a natural or absolute right, but did not officially advocate the abolition of all private rights. He pointed out that individual desires promote the active struggle of everyone and enable wealth to expand in the process, and therefore consider resource inequalities to some extent acceptable. There is a potential conflict between this view and the thrust of “crime and punishment”: more equal wealth and power are crucial to the formation of the criminal justice system that he advocates. His views were challenged and criticized by those who were conservative and radical at the time. The conservative, Ferdinando Fabquinet, believes that the familial rule of landowners in a hierarchical society should be upheld and supported by criminal law. The early socialist, Abel Mabry, cast doubt on the viability of the reforms advocated by Beccaria in a competitive and unequal capitalist society.