This paper analyzes the development of spatial concentration of various innovation activities in China from 2000 to 2015 by using a generalized Theil index based on a balanced provincial dataset.It tracks concentration development back to the developing heterogeneity within and between regions in general and the mega-economic zones in particular.Results show that innovation activities tend to be distributed unequally across provinces in China,with more pronounced unequal distribution of innovation outcomes than innovation inputs.Over the research period,the innovation activities considered became more and more equally distributed across provinces.The between-region inequality of innovation activities has,however,not yet significantly improved,despite the implementation of Chinese regional policies to encourage more equal regional development.Instead,more equal distribution of innovation activities within megaeconomic zones is observed.