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为探索秸秆覆盖对北疆滴灌棉花生长特征和产量的影响,2009—2012年期间,以小麦秸秆为材料,在非盐碱土和盐碱土2种土壤条件下,进行了无覆盖(LUM)、表层覆盖(LSM)、地表以下30 cm深处覆盖(LM30)的测坑对比试验.结果表明:秸秆覆盖对棉花生长及产量具有一定的促进效果,对盐碱土种植的棉花株高、叶面积指数和产量的促进作用显著,而对非盐碱土棉花株高、叶面积指数和产量的促进作用不明显.地表覆盖综合调控效应优于30 cm深层覆盖,尤其是在棉花花铃期,在盐分抑制方面地表覆盖要比30 cm覆盖效果好;30 cm覆盖在苗期和蕾期可以给棉花生长创造比较好的条件,而在花铃期以后这种覆盖效果不太明显;表层覆盖处理棉花产量最高,高出无覆盖处理3.2%~17.9%,高出30 cm深层覆盖3.1%~16.3%.
In order to explore the effect of straw mulching on the growth characteristics and yield of drip irrigation cotton in northern Xinjiang, wheat cultivars with wheat straw (LST), non-saline soil (LSM) and the test of 30 cm depth under the ground (LM30). The results showed that straw mulching had some effects on the growth and yield of cotton, and the plant height, leaf area index and But had no significant effect on the plant height, leaf area index and yield of non-saline-alkali soils.The comprehensive control effect of surface coverage was better than that of 30 cm deep coverage, especially in the cotton boll-setting period, The coverage of the ground surface is better than that of 30 cm. The coverage of 30 cm at the seedling stage and the bud stage can create better conditions for cotton growth. However, the effect of covering is not obvious after the flower-boll stage; 3.2% ~ 17.9% higher than the uncoated treatment and 3.1% ~ 16.3% covered by 30 cm.