元代至元三十年(1293年)的秋天,一支满载江南漕粮的船队浩浩荡荡驶入大都(今北京)城内积水潭。元世祖忽必烈兴高采烈地给这段通州至大都运河赐名为通惠河。负责这段运河规划、设计、施工的“总工程师”,就是元代最著名的科学家、水利专家郭守敬。郭守敬,字若思,河北邢台人。生于宋绍定四年(1231年)。幼年从科学家刘秉忠、张文谦等人学习,21岁时曾参加家乡的一座石桥的修建,初次显示了他的智慧与才能。中统三年(1262年)张文谦在上都(今内蒙多伦)向元世祖推荐时说他“习知水利,且巧思绝人”。32岁的郭守敬当即向元世祖提出了兴修华北灌溉和航运工程的六项建议,获得元世祖赞赏。翌年授予他副河渠使职务,次年随张文谦赴宁夏,修复了汉唐以来的引黄灌溉渠道,人们感激他的 Yuan Dynasty to Yuan thirty years (1293) in the fall, a fleet filled with grain transport south of the mighty mighty (now Beijing) city Jishuitan. Kublai Khan eldest son happily gave this Tongzhou to the majority of the canal gave Tonghui River. In charge of this canal planning, design, construction of the “chief engineer”, is the Yuan Dynasty’s most famous scientist, water expert Guo Shoujing. Guo Shou-jing, word Ruosi, Hebei Xingtai people. Born Song Shaodong four years (1231). Childhood learning from the scientists Liu Bingzhong, Zhang Wenqian and others, at the age of 21 had participated in the construction of a stone bridge in his hometown, for the first time showed his wisdom and talent. In the three years of the Central Government (1262), Zhang Wenqian, when he recommended to Yuan Shizu at Shangdu (now Inner Mongolia), said that he “learned water conservancy and did absolutely brilliant.” At the age of 32, Guo Shou-jing immediately proposed six proposals to Xinshizu for rebuilding irrigation and shipping projects in North China and won the admiration of Yuan Shizu. In the following year, he was granted the post of river canals, and the following year he went to Ningxia with Zhang Wenqian, repairing the irrigation channels of the Yellow River since the Han and Tang dynasties, and people appreciated him