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基于海洋Ekman层流速剖面结构受波浪影响的3点观测事实,研究了波浪对Ekman层的机械能输入,在常涡粘系数的假定下得到了波浪对Ekman层能量输入的解析表达式.研究结果表明,海洋Ekman层的机械能输入包括两部分:一是风应力对Ekman层的直接能量输入,其受波浪的影响;二是波浪对Ekman层的能量输入,其与风应力、波浪参数和波向与风应力的相对方向有关.估计了波浪对Ekman层能量输入的大小,结果显示,在中高风速和中高纬度条件下,波浪对Ekman层的能量输入与不考虑波浪影响的Ekman层风能输入相比较可达10%以上,在绕极流区可达20%以上;在波浪方向与风应力方向不一致时波浪的能量输入更为显著.给出了波浪对非定常Ekman层能量输入的计算公式.研究结果在研究海浪的大尺度效应方面有启示意义.
Based on the fact that the velocity profile of the Ekman layer is influenced by waves, the mechanical input of wave to the Ekman layer is studied, and the analytical expression of the wave energy input to the Ekman layer is obtained under the assumption of the constant eddy viscosity. The results show that The mechanical energy input into the marine Ekman layer consists of two parts: one is the direct energy input to the Ekman layer by the wind stress, which is affected by the wave; the other is the energy input of the wave to the Ekman layer, which is related to the wind stress, wave parameters, The results show that the input of energy to the Ekman layer at mid-high wind speed and mid-high latitude is compared with the wind energy input of Ekman layer without considering the wave influence Up to more than 10%, and can reach more than 20% in the circumflex flow area.When the wave direction is inconsistent with the direction of wind stress, the energy input to the wave is more significant.The formula for calculating the energy input to the unsteady Ekman layer is given. The results are of instructive significance in studying the large-scale effects of waves.