目的:探讨甲氨蝶呤致药物过敏反应的临床特点,为该药的安全合理使用提供依据。方法:报道我院1例甲氨蝶呤致药物超敏反应综合征案例,并通过检索Medline,CNKI,万方、维普等数据库,收集甲氨蝶呤致过敏反应相关文献报道,进行统计分析。结果:综合文献及我院案例,共收集38例甲氨蝶呤致过敏反应病例,以18岁以下未成年患者居多,原发疾病以骨肉瘤和急性淋巴细胞白血病为主,给药方式主要为静脉滴注,临床表现多为系统性过敏症状。除3例患者死亡外,其余均症状缓解,并有5例患者经脱敏治疗后继续使用甲氨蝶呤。结论:甲氨蝶呤相关过敏反应发生率虽低但严重程度较高,临床应用时需密切关注患者的病情变化,及时采取应对措施。对发生甲氨蝶呤过敏反应又须继续用药的患者,可尝试脱敏治疗。 Objective: To investigate the clinical features of methotrexate-induced drug allergy and to provide evidence for its safe and rational use. Methods: One case of methotrexate-induced hypersensitivity syndrome in our hospital was reported. The databases of Medline, CNKI, Wanfang, Vipu and so on were collected to collect reports of methotrexate-induced allergic reactions, and statistical analysis was made. Results: A total of 38 cases of methotrexate-induced allergic reactions were collected in the comprehensive literature and in our hospital. Most of the patients were under 18 years old. The primary diseases were osteosarcoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The main modes of administration were Intravenous infusion, the clinical manifestations of mostly systemic allergy symptoms. Except for 3 patients died, all other symptoms were relieved, and 5 patients continued to use methotrexate after desensitization treatment. Conclusion: Although the incidence of methotrexate-related allergic reaction is low but the severity is serious, the clinical application of the methotrexate should pay close attention to the patient’s condition changes and take prompt measures. Methotrexate allergic reactions occurred in patients who have to continue medication, you can try desensitization treatment.