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[目的]了解原州区乙型肝炎发病情况及流行病学特征,为制定防治策略和措施提供科学依据。[方法]采用描述流行病学方法,对2000～2007年乙型肝炎疫情资料进行流行病学统计分析。[结果]2000～2007年原州区乙型肝炎年均报告发病率为74.00/10万,但呈逐年上升趋势,2007年发病率达144.16/10万。高发年龄为20～29岁,发病率为184.82/10万,10岁以下年龄组发病率较低为27.37/10万;农村高于城区;职业以农民发病居多,占乙型肝炎发病总数的57.19%。[结论]乙型肝炎纳入免疫规划,有效控制了儿童乙型肝炎发病率,今后预防和控制乙肝流行的主要策略应是加强儿童常规免疫接种工作,提高首针及时接种率和全程免疫接种率。加速实施较大年龄人群的免疫接种。同时,加大血液制品和安全注射的管理,广泛开展群众性健康教育活动。
[Objective] To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Yuanzhou district and to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and cure strategies and measures. [Methods] Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological data of hepatitis B from 2000 to 2007. [Results] The annual average incidence of hepatitis B in Yuanzhou district from 2000 to 2007 was 74.00 / 100000, but it showed an upward trend year by year. The incidence in 2007 was 144.16 / 100000. High incidence of 20 to 29 years old, the incidence was 184.82 / 100000, the lowest incidence of age group of 10 years of age was 27.37 / 10 million; rural areas higher than urban areas; occupations to the majority of farmers, accounting for the total number of hepatitis B incidence of 57.19 %. [Conclusion] Inclusion of hepatitis B into the immunization program effectively controls the incidence of hepatitis B in children. The main strategies for prevention and control of hepatitis B epidemics in future should be to strengthen the routine immunization of children and to improve the timely vaccination rate and the whole immunization rate of the first needles. Accelerate immunization for older people. At the same time, we should step up management of blood products and safe injections and conduct mass health education activities.