一、前言解放八年来,由於我国农村经济的根本改变,作物的栽培条件逐步提高,以及农业机械化所提出的新的要求,我国原有小麦品种的特性特征,也产生了不能适应新形势的情况。近年来,由於农民积极地开辟了肥源,麦田施肥量有了显著的增加,原有的小麦品种,就显示出不能耐肥而大量倒伏,严重地影响产量和品质,因此,培育耐肥抗倒的品种,是我们选种工作者的重要任务之一。伟大的米丘林,曾经这样写过“……这里,未来新品种的性质,几乎完全决定於培育它的情况。在不合理的培育方法下,从最优良的栽培品种的材料中,我们可能得到最完全的野生种,相 I. Introduction Since the emancipation of the eight years, due to the fundamental changes in our country’s rural economy, the gradual improvement of crop cultivation conditions and the new requirements put forward by agricultural mechanization, the characteristics of the original wheat varieties in our country have also created conditions that can not be adapted to the new situation . In recent years, due to farmers actively open up fertilizer sources, wheat fertilizers have increased significantly, the original wheat varieties, it shows that can not be resistant to fat and lodging a lot, seriously affecting the yield and quality, therefore, cultivate resistance to anti-fat Pouring varieties is one of the important tasks of our seed selection workers. The great Michurin once wrote "... here, the nature of the new breed of the future depends almost entirely on the condition of nurturing it.Under unreasonable cultivation methods, from the best cultivars of material we may Get the most complete wild species, phase