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目的：研究羟苯磺酸钙对糖尿病大鼠视网膜细胞凋亡的影响。方法36只Wistar大鼠按照体重随机分为正常组、模型组、实验组，每组12只。模型组和实验组大鼠均采用高糖饲料喂养8周后，用链脲佐菌素腹腔注射建立糖尿病大鼠模型。实验组，连续8周灌胃150 mg? kg－1? d－1羟苯磺酸钙，其余2组给予等量0．9％NaCl。用原位末端标记法（ TUNEL ）检测大鼠视网膜神经细胞的凋亡，以免疫印迹法及反转录聚合酶链反应法检测大鼠视网膜组织中B淋巴细胞瘤－2（ Bcl－2）、Bcl－2相关X蛋白（ Bax）及p53蛋白及mRNA的表达。用分光光度法检测天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶3（ Caspase 3）活性。结果与正常组比较，模型组大鼠的视网膜细胞凋亡指数升高， Bax及p53蛋白及mRNA表达量上升， Bcl－2蛋白及mRNA表达量降低，Caspase 3活性提高（均P＜0．01）；其中，正常组和模型组的 Bax、Bcl －2及 p53 mRNA 表达量分别为（0．20±0．03） vs （1．00±0．09），（1．39±0．10） vs （0．21±0．02），（0．28±0．05） vs （0．88±0．08）。与模型组比较，实验组中细胞凋亡指数为（12．40±1．24）明显降低（ P ＜0．01）， Bax 蛋白表达量为（0．57±0．05）及 p53蛋白表达量为（0．35±0．03）均明显下调（P＜0．01），Bax mRNA表达量为（0．56±0．05）及p53 mRNA表达量为（0．36±0．04）也均明显下调（P＜0．01）；而Bcl－2蛋白的表达量为（0．63±0．06）及 Bcl －2 mRNA 的表达量为（0．74±0．04）明显上调（P＜0．01），Caspase 3活性为（1．72±0．17）明显降低（P＜0．01）。结论羟苯磺酸能调控细胞凋亡相关蛋白表达，从而抑制糖尿病大鼠视网膜细胞凋亡。“,”Objective To explore the effect of calcium dobesilate on the apoptosis of retinal cells in diabetic rats .Methods Thirty-six Wistar rats were randomly into three groups:normal group ( n =12 ) , model group(n=12), test group(n=12).The rat in model and test groups of diabetes was given with high fat diet for 8 weeks, and then was made by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin ( STZ ) .After successfully es-tablished the diatetes animal model , the rats in test group was lavaged with 150 mg? kg -1? d-1 calcium dobesilate continuous 8 weeks, the rats in normal and model group were given same amount of normal saline . Neuronal apoptosis in retina was detected by TdT -mediated dUTP nick end labeling ( TUNEL ) . The expression of B -cell lymphoma -2 ( Bcl-2 ) , Bcl -2 assaciated X protein ( Bax ) and p53 protein and mRNA were assayed by Western blot and reverse transcription -polymer-ase chain reaction.The activity of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 ( Caspase 3) was measured by spectrophotometry .Results Comparedwith normal group , apoptotic index of retina , the expression of Bax , p53 protein and mRNA , the activity of Caspase 3 was increased ( P<0.01 ) , the expression of Bcl -2 protein and mRNA was decreased in model group ( P<0.01 ) . The expression of Bax , Bcl -2 and p53 mRNA was ( 0.20 ±0.03 ) vs ( 1.00 ±0.09 ) , ( 1.39 ±0.10 ) vs (0.21 ±0.02);(0.28 ±0.05) vs (0.88 ±0.08), in normal group and model group, respectively.Compared with model group,apoptotic index of retina (12.40 ±1.24), the expression of Bax (0.57 ±0.05) and p53 (0.35 ±0.03) protein, the expression of Bax ( 0.56 ±0.05 ) and p53 ( 0.36 ±0.04 ) mRNA, the activity of Caspase 3 (1.72 ±0.17) in test group were all decreased.While the expression of Bcl -2 protein (0.63 ±0.06) and mRNA (0.74 ±0.04 ) were increased in test group ( all P<0.01 ) .Conclusion The calcium dobesilate inhibit neuronal apoptosis by regulation expression of cell apoptotic related protein .