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中国古代,每逢朝代更替,总会出现一批不仕新朝的士人。这些人,习惯上被称为遗民。遗民一般具备两个条件:首先,生活于新旧王朝交替之际,身历两朝乃至两朝以上的士人,且在新朝不应科举,不出仕;其次,内心深处怀有较强烈的遗民意识,常常体现出隐士的一些人格特征。他们通常是以一个相对完整的社会群体的面貌活动在历史舞台上,并积极从事文化的创造。
In ancient China, whenever dynastic changes, there always appeared a group of non-Shi Xin Dynasties taxis. These people are customarily called survivors. The descendants generally have two conditions: first, living in the alternation of old and new dynasties, experienced two dynasties or even two dynasties, and in the new dynasty should not be the imperial examination, not a career; second, Consciousness often reflects some personality traits of hermits. They usually act on the stage of history in the face of a relatively complete social group and are actively engaged in the creation of culture.