Surface hydrogen bond network spatially confined BiOCl oxygen vacancy for photocatalysis

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Rational engineering of oxygen vacancy (Vo) at atomic precision is the key to comprehensively understanding the oxygen chemistry of oxide materials for catalytic oxidations.Here,we demonstrate that Vo can be spatially confined on the surface through a sophisticated surface hydrogen bond (HB) network.The HB network is constructed between a hydroxyl-rich BiOCl surface and polyprotic phosphoric acid,which remarkably decreases the formation energy of surface Vo by selectively weakening the metal-oxygen bonds in a short range.Thus,surface-confined Vo enables us to unambiguously distinguish the intrafacial and suprafacial oxygen species associated with NO oxidation in two classical catalytic systems.Unlike randomly distributed bulk Vo that benefits the thermocatalytic NO oxidation and lattice O diffusion by the dominant intrafacial mechanism,surface Vo is demonstrated to favor the photocatalytic NO oxidation through a suprafacial scheme by energetically activating surface O2,which should be attributed to the spatial confinement nature of surface Vo.
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