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为解决不当的人工鱼礁布放操作导致的鱼礁碰撞破坏、布置点偏离目标地点过大等问题,对静水环境下框架型人工鱼礁布放的动力学过程进行了研究。基于人工鱼礁下落过程的水动力学模型、鱼礁与海底接触碰撞模型,对现有碰撞力公式进行合理修正,建立了人工鱼礁布放过程的整体动力学方程;采用数值方法对动力学方程进行求解,得到鱼礁下落速度以及不同海底底质条件下的着底冲击力。分析表明,海底底质越硬,着底冲击力越大。采用多体动力学软件ADAMS对鱼礁在不同初始姿态下的布放过程进行模拟,采用有限元软件ANSYS Workbench对鱼礁结构进行强度分析。结果表明,鱼礁初始姿态倾斜角度越大,下落达到的稳定速度越小;棱着底的最大冲击力比面着底的要小,但产生的应力更大;最大应力发生在着底棱的中部。本研究可为合理规划人工鱼礁的布放和人工鱼礁的设计提供参考。
In order to solve the problems of collision and destruction of reefs caused by improper artificial reefs placement and arrangement points deviating from the target locations, the dynamic process of frame-type artificial reefs placement under hydrostatic environment was studied. Based on the hydrodynamic model of the artificial reef falling process and the contact and collision model between the reef and the seafloor, the existing collision force formula is reasonably corrected, and the overall dynamic equation of the artificial reef laying process is established. By using the numerical method, Equation to solve, get the reef drop speed and under the bottom of the sea floor conditions under the bottom impact. Analysis shows that the harder the seabed sediment, the greater the impact at the end. The multi-body dynamics software ADAMS was used to simulate the fish reef laying process under different initial attitudes. The strength of the reef structure was analyzed using the finite element software ANSYS Workbench. The results showed that the larger the initial angle of the reef, the smaller the stable velocity reached. The maximum impact force at the bottom of the prism was smaller than that at the bottom, but the stress was larger. The maximum stress occurred at the bottom edge Central. This study can provide a reference for the rational planning of the deployment of artificial reefs and the design of artificial reefs.