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通俗地说,机器人就是能完成机械动作的通用自动机。按照美国 MIT 温斯顿教授的定义,智能机器人是感觉与运动的智能结合。该定义揭示了智能机器人的三个要素,即运动体系(执行器)、传感器系统(视觉、听觉、触觉等)以及智能控制系统(分析、推理、识别、决策)。军用智能机器人是一个非常广泛的概念,几乎包括所有的智能化武器系统。目前大多数所谓军用机器人,实际上就是一些高级自动化的无人操纵的军用车辆(轮式、履带式或足式)。本文讨论的范围也仅限于此,而不涉及如导弹等自动化武器。
To put it in a nutshell, a robot is a generic automaton that can perform mechanical actions. According to the definition of Professor MIT Winston, the intelligent robot is the intelligent combination of feeling and movement. This definition reveals the three elements of an intelligent robot, namely the motion system (actuator), the sensor system (vision, hearing, touch, etc.) and the intelligent control system (analysis, reasoning, recognition, decision making). Military intelligent robots are a very broad concept that includes almost all intelligent weapon systems. At present, most so-called military robots are actually some highly automated unmanned military vehicles (wheeled, crawler or foot). The scope of this article is also limited to this, but does not involve automated weapons such as missiles.